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From Saturday, February 2, to March 16,
the Saint-André made stops in the roadsteads of La
Rochelle, Loix, La Flotte and Saint-Martin-de-Ré while its
captain attended to various matters on land.
The captain, also called the master, was the commanding officer
on the ship. If he owned the vessel, as in the case of Gabriel
Bellet, the captain of the Saint-André, he
outfitted it himself, leased it to someone else or shared the risks
of the fishing expedition with a ship chandler or partners who agreed
to participate in the venture in return for a portion of the profits.
Captains were usually former pilots with at least five years'
experience in navigation who had participated in several fishing
expeditions.
The Saint-André's shallop began making trips to
shore, much to the delight of the fishermen on the crew. Gabriel
Bellet first went to the admiralty registry in La Rochelle to
have his clearance stamped and make the customary declarations.
Then he began his search for salt at the best possible price,
which he hoped to load onto the ship as quickly as possible. He
probably also looked for food to complete the ship's provisions,
so that the Saint-André would leave for
Newfoundland with a fresh supply of food.
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Supplies of a 90-ton Ship from Normandy, for 12 men and 9
months 26
3,400 pounds of biscuit
600 pounds of butter
600 pounds of bacon
1 barrel of herring for consumption
2 barrels of herring or mackerel to be used as bait
34 barrels of weak cider
60 containers of eau-de-vie plus a tierce of
eau-de-vie of the capacity of 72 containers, for bonuses
80 pounds of candles
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Other ships were in La Rochelle for the same reason. Like Bellet,
several captains from France's maritime provinces were trying to
buy food or salt and have them loaded onto their ships as quickly
as possible, before everyone else did. There was strong
competition, especially among captains and local ship chandlers.
Time was precious and money the best incentive to settle matters
quickly. Salt must have cost more at the saltworks near the port
than at those that were far inland and more difficult for ships
to get to.
For the salt to be loaded and the ballast unloaded - the
two were done simultaneously - the ship had to get as close
as possible to the salt marshes to minimize transportation costs,
and the cost of the loading and unloading operations.
Captain Bellet decided to procure his supply of salt from the
Seudre, a river in Saintonge that flows into the Atlantic south
of Marennes. Its long, wide estuary provided access to numerous
salt marshes that supplied fishing and merchant vessels from as
far away as Holland. The crew of the Saint-André
would have to deal with bad weather, head winds and breakdowns
that impeded the ship's progress. We will follow their day-to-day
activities and their trips between the ship and terra firma.
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Date Created: December 14, 2001 | Last Updated: April 30, 2010